Duk abin da kuke Bukatar Ku sani Game da Tufafin Dutsen Dutse

Rufe dutse shine gabatar da facade zuwa gida ko gini ta amfani da bangarori na dutsen da ba na tsari ba. Kun ga abin da ke cikin gidajen Arts da Crafts, shagunan farauta da kamun kifi, da ofishin likitan fata na lokaci-lokaci. Har ma za ku ga an shigar da su a cikin gida, watakila a mashaya kofi da kuka fi so. Waɗannan katangar suna ba da ra'ayi na turmi, turmi dutse wanda mutane ke da kyau a cikin salon maras lokaci. Bari mu dubi kyawawan abubuwa, marasa kyau, da kuma tsadar abubuwan da ake sanya dutse.

Tsarin Fuskar Fuskar Halitta na Ledgerstone don bangon Waje

Za mu iya farawa da samun rike abin da dutsen dutse yake. Yawanci ya ƙunshi ƙirƙirar bangon bango ko labule wanda ba shi da nauyi sai nasa, bisa ga Jagorar Zane-zanen Ginin Gabaɗaya. Ana amfani da veneers a kan abin da ake da shi kamar sheashen bango, yayin da bangon labule yakan zama tsarin tallafi na kai wanda aka kafa zuwa tsarin da ake da shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin - dutse, tsarin tallafi, da anka - na iya zama nauyi sosai. A sakamakon haka, ƙarfin waɗannan tsarin a ƙarƙashin nauyin da ake sa ran ya kamata ya zama sau uku zuwa takwas mafi ƙarancin buƙata. Idan vinyl siding ya buge gida, tsarin zai iya kasancewa a cikin wani nau'i mai haɗari na jinkirin motsi wanda ya shafi mold ko ƙungiyoyin masu gida, amma idan manyan duwatsu masu nauyi sun saki kansu daga motsin su, haɗarin suna nan da nan kuma matsananci. Bukatar ƙwararrun shigarwa na siginar dutse yana kan daidai da aikin famfo kuma watakila ma aikin lantarki.

Juyewar siginar dutse
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Kyawun dutse yana ba da hujjar ƙarin kuɗi ga mutane da yawa, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da sauran fa'idodin dutse, waɗanda suka haɗa da dorewa, sauƙin kiyayewa, juriya na wuta, da (idan ana maganar dutsen halitta) juriya na yanayi, da ingantaccen ƙimar sake siyarwa, a cewar Eco Outdoor. . Dutsen da aka ƙera yana da wasu fa'idodi waɗanda ke rage farashin shigarwa. Da farko dai, ya fi sauƙi - ƙasa da rabin nauyi (ta hanyar Sabis ɗin Kwangila Tabbaci). Wannan ya sa ya fi sauƙi a matsayin kayan gini gabaɗaya, wanda ke nufin ana iya amfani da shi ta hanyoyi da yawa (ko mafi sauƙi) fiye da dutsen halitta. Hakanan ba shi da tsada sosai, yana ƙara haɓaka fa'idarsa (ta Ƙungiyar Realtors ta ƙasa). Bugu da kari, dutsen da aka kera kusan ba zai iya bambancewa daga dutsen halitta zuwa idon da ba a horar da shi ba ... har ma da idon horarwa, daga nesa kadan.

Tare da jarin da ya dace, yawancin kayan siding na iya dacewa da wutar dutse da juriya na yanayi, dorewa, da ƙimar sake siyarwa. Amma mafi kyawun shigarwa na siding vinyl mafi tsada a duniya ba zai taɓa yin daidai da ƙawar dutse ba, wanda shine fa'idarsa ɗaya da ba za a iya jurewa ba akan madadin.

Abubuwan da ke ƙasa: Me yasa za a nisantar da dutse
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Akwai wasu ɓangarorin ƙwaƙƙwaran da ke da alaƙa da shingen dutse, kuma a ƙarshe waɗannan sun sauko zuwa ƙarin farashin gini. Ba aiki da kayan kawai ba ne don shigar da sutura; ƙarin kashe kuɗi yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar ginawa ko daidaita tsarin da ke ƙasa wanda ke riƙe da ƙulli a wurin. Abubuwan da ake buƙata na tsarin suna taimakawa suturar yin tsayayya da ƙarfin yanayi na nauyi, iska, da nauyin girgizar ƙasa, a cewar Cibiyar CE. Injiniyoyin ƙira suna lissafin waɗannan sojojin da ƙididdiga masu alaƙa, waɗanda masu sakawa dole ne su mutunta a hankali. Kuma dole ne a shigar da dutsen dabi'a yadda ya kamata, tsaftacewa, da kuma rufe shi don guje wa lalacewar da ke da alaƙa da ginin ko ɗakin da kanta (ta hanyar Eco Outdoor).

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don dutsen da aka ƙera suna da kama, idan ƙasa da ban mamaki. Abubuwan da aka kera na dutse ba su da ruwa (babu kayan gini), kuma shigar da ba daidai ba zai iya haifar da matsalolin danshi mai haɗari. Kafin ci gaba tare da sabuntawar bangon ku, kuna buƙatar zama cikin shiri don kuma ku karɓi abubuwan da za su iya yiwuwa.

Nau'in suturar dutse
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Akwai nau'o'in asali guda uku na suturar dutse. Rufe wayar hannu yawanci ana saita su a cikin darussa kamar dutsen gini, amma ya fi sirara, in ji Architizer. Tsarin motsi da haɗin gwiwar matsawa yana ba da damar canje-canje a girman da matsayi yayin canjin yanayi. Rufe allon ruwan sama, a daya bangaren, galibi shine abin rufe fuska mafi sirarin dutse wanda ke hade da tsarin da ke karkashin tsarin ta hanyar anga kuma yawanci ya hada da rami don samun iska da tashoshi don cire danshi.

Rufe na al'ada, kamar yadda kuke tsammani, shine kowane shiri na kayan da aka gina don takamaiman gini ko aiwatarwa. Ana iya yin shi da zaɓin dutse wanda ba a saba gani ba (kamar tubali, tayal, ko dutse na asali), kuma yana iya yin aiki na musamman da wasu zaɓuɓɓuka ba su yi amfani da shi ba. Wata hanya mai amfani don rarraba dutsen dutse shine jika ko bushe. Shigar da rigar rigar ya haɗa da saita dutse ko sassan dutse a cikin turmi kai tsaye a kan ma'auni, yayin da shigar da busassun busassun panel ɗin yana tabbatar da siding tare da tsarin zamewa.

Kayan da aka yi da dutse da halayensu
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Tushen dutse a kowane nau'i yana da ribobi da fursunoni masu alaƙa da kayan da aka yi da su, tsarin angarin da yake buƙata, da zaɓin ƙira iri-iri da yake tallafawa ko ba da damar. Hakanan dole ne ku auna sifofin aikin suturar, wanda gabaɗaya ya fi sauran zaɓuɓɓuka amma kuma yana da saurin kamuwa da matsalolin da ke tasowa daga dabarun shigarwa mara kyau.

Ƙwararren dutse da aka ƙera gabaɗaya ana yin su ne da siminti/kambura tare da jimi-jita da pigment galibi da ƙarfe oxide. Wasu gyare-gyaren da aka ƙera yanzu an yi su da polyurethane kuma. Ana iya yanke dutse na halitta daga basalt, bluestone, granite, dutsen Urushalima, dutsen dutse, marmara, onyx, sandstone slate, da sauransu. Dukansu suna samuwa a cikin nau'i-nau'i na launuka, alamu, da laushi, kamar yadda Panels na Dutse.

Ya zama ƙara mahimmanci don gane tasirin muhalli na kayan. Dutsen dabi'a yana ba da kyakkyawan dorewa amma ƙera (wanda aka kera) dutsen dutse yana jin daɗin wasu fa'idodi na musamman dangane da ingancin makamashi (ta hanyar Ginawa da Kayan Gina). Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin waɗannan halaye daki-daki.

Ƙarfin suturar dutse
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Wata maɓalli mai mahimmanci na suturar dutse shine ƙarfinsa. Yayin da tulin dutse ba ya ɗaukar nauyi a ma'anar da aka saba na "ɗaukar nauyin dukan abubuwan da ke sama," ba lallai ba ne ya ɗauki nau'i daban-daban. Takardar da aka gabatar ga Taron Fasahar Fasahar Gine-gine a cikin 2008 ta bayyana binciken injiniya game da gazawar mai yuwuwa a cikin rukunin marmara da aka girka a cikin 1970s. Harshen injiniyoyi da masana kimiyya kawai suna ɓoye ainihin ma'anar ɗan adam cewa da gaske ba kwa son marmara ta faɗo akan mutane.

Nauyin da dutsen dutse ya haifar sun haɗa da iska da lodin girgizar ƙasa, tasirin makamai masu linzami (yawanci nau'ikan abubuwan da iska mai ƙarfi za ta iya jujjuyawa), har ma da fashewar lodi. Ƙarfin ɗorewa kuma ya ƙunshi ɗorewa-narkewa da tsayin daka na gaba ɗaya akan lokaci. Duk waɗannan sojojin an tsara su kuma an gwada su kafin samfuran su buga shagunan (ta hanyar Panels na Dutse).

Menene ya haɗa da shigar da veneer na dutse?
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Bugu da ƙari, ƙulla dutse ba aikin DIY bane. Girke-girke na rigar (ko kai tsaye) ƙila sun fi kamuwa da gazawa daga ƙarancin shigarwa, amma busassun kayan aiki na injiniyoyi suma ƙwararrun ƙwararru ne waɗanda ke da buƙatu da tsada, a cewar Quality Marble's Natural Stone Cladding Guide For Architects.

Bugu da ƙari, ba ma irin aikin da ƙwararrun gine-ginen gida za su saba da shi ba. Don aikin ginin katako na yau da kullun, dutsen da aka ƙera kai tsaye shima zai buƙaci shingen Resistive Water, lath da fasteners, turmi rigar riga da saita gado, abin kuka, da murfin dutse da kanta da turmi (ta hanyar Dutsen Cultured).

Tsarin shigarwa yana da wuyar gaske, tare da bambance-bambance da zaɓuɓɓuka don kowane yanayi. Don abin rufe fuska da aka ƙera (AMSV), alal misali, Ƙungiyar Masonry Concrete Masonry Association tana samar da jagora mai shafuka 77 tare da zane-zane 48 don kowane suturar sutura da haɗaɗɗun ƙirar ƙira, dalla-dalla kowane haɓaka da shigar da ke iya katse veneer (ta hanyar NCMA).

Shigarwa na inji yana buƙata ta wata hanya dabam. Ana samun maɗauran busassun busassun busassun kuma an hako su daidai don tabbatar da wuri mai kyau da kuma guje wa karya dutsen. Dutsen ba shi da tsari da tsari, don haka yana da mahimmanci a sanya dowels ko wasu kayan ɗamara kamar yadda masana'anta suka bayyana. Wannan aikin na iya tafiya da sauri a hannun dama, amma, kuma, bai dace da novices ba (ta hanyar Marble Quality).

Me yasa mutane ke damun: Zane & Aesthetics
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Gilashin dutse sun shigo cikin buƙatu mai girma duk da cewa ana samun su ta kasuwanci kusan shekaru 40. Wannan saboda ana jan hankalin mutane zuwa ga kyawun halitta, gyare-gyare, da kuma (gaskiyar) kashe kuɗaɗen dutse. Hakanan yana da sauƙin sassauƙa. Akwai launuka da alamu da yawa da kuma gyare-gyare da yawa (kamar goge, da aka goge, da yashi). Rufe dutse yana goyan bayan salon gine-gine da yawa, gami da Adirondack, Arts da Crafts, gine-ginen dutse, Shingle, Littafin Labari, da salon gine-ginen Tuscan, da sauransu, a cewar Hendricks Architecture.

Dangane da salon dutsen da kansa, hanyoyi da yawa suna bayyana a cikin dutsen dutse, ciki har da dutsen Artesia, tarkacen ƙasa, dutsen da aka ƙera, dutsen dutse, farar ƙasa, dutsen dutsen dutse, dutsen halitta, da dutsen dutse (via McCoy Mart). Ko da yake ƙulla dutse ba tsari ba ne, ya kamata ya ba da bayyanar tallafi. Wannan yana haifar da matsaloli tare da samfuran dutse da aka ƙera da yawa, waɗanda za a girka sama da daraja don haka sau da yawa ba sa ɗaure gindin ginin, wanda ke ɓatar da gani.

Akwai yuwuwar samun wani ɗan ƙanƙantaccen dalilin da aka ja mu zuwa dutse. Jason F. McLennan, Shugaba na Cibiyar Rayuwa ta Duniya ta Duniya, ya kira ta "biophilia," kuma ya ce muna sha'awar kayan "nau'i" a cikin mafi sauƙi don mun san suna dawwama. Akwai wani bangare na mu da ya fahimci cewa wadannan su ne tubalan ginin dabi'a. Haka muke ginawa. Wannan shine yadda muke ginawa koyaushe, ”ya fada wa BuildingGreen.

Ayyukan gyare-gyaren dutse
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"Ayyukan" yana da alama wata hanya mara kyau don kimanta bango, amma kawai saitin halaye ne waɗanda suka haɗa da dorewar dutsen veneer, dorewa, buƙatun kiyayewa, da ƙimar insulation, da sauransu. Yawancin waɗannan suna da alaƙa, in ji wata takarda da aka rubuta don Jami'ar Fasaha ta Lisbon. An ƙididdige ƙarfin ƙarfi a matsayin "rayuwar sabis," wanda ke bayyana adadin lokacin da gini ya cika mafi ƙarancin buƙatunsa na aiki. Matsalolin dorewa suna shafar kulawa, ba shakka, kuma kulawar rigakafi yana da mahimmanci don tsawaita rayuwar sabis na jiki. Kuma a bayyane yake, ƙimar abin da kayan ke dawwama yana da alaƙa da tsawon lokacin da yake aiki da karɓuwa, ta yadda ɗan gajeren rayuwar sabis zai buƙaci ƙarin saye (ta hanyar hakar ma'adinai, da sauransu).

Masu bincike sun gano cewa dutse na halitta yana da rayuwar sabis na ma'auni na shekaru 40 (an ƙididdige shi don lalacewar jiki gaba ɗaya da canje-canjen launi) ko shekaru 64 (an kimanta don lalatawar gida). Garanti na masana'anta sun bambanta daga shekaru 20 zuwa 75 (ta hanyar Be.On Stone). Bincike da garanti tabbas sune wurare mafi kyau don samun bayanin dorewa game da ƙulla dutse, kamar yadda masana'antar ke cike da yaren hyperbolic game da tsayi da rashin nasara na dutse na halitta.

Tabbas, dorewa na dutse na halitta yana da alaƙa da girmansa, wanda kuma yana shafar yadda sauƙin kayan aiki yake ɗauka, yanke, da shigarwa. Wannan ba wai kawai yana haifar da farashin shigarwa mai girma ba, amma ba tare da aiwatar da hankali ba, nauyin zai iya haifar da lalacewa har ma, a lokuta da yawa, gazawar panel - akasin karko.

Maintenance: Sashe mai sauƙi
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Kulawa na halitta da injuna kayan kwalliyar dutsen dutse ya zo ƙasa don tsaftacewa a hankali. Sinadarai masu tsauri na iya lalata duka dutsen halitta da ƙera kayan aikin dutse. Tsaftacewa ya kara dagulewa ta yadda ake hana amfani da na'urar wanke-wanke gaba daya, musamman na dutse da aka kera. Fieldstone Veneer yana ba da shawarar tsaftace dutsen halitta tare da sabulu mai laushi da goga mai laushi. Yana da kyau koyaushe a bi shawarwarin masana'anta idan an ambaci takamaiman mai tsabta (ko nau'in mai tsabta). Yana da kyau a jika dutsen kafin a shafa mai, wanda zai hana tsaftar da ba ta dilution da yawa daga shiga cikin dutsen.

Gabaɗaya umarnin tsaftacewa don abin rufewar dutse da aka ƙera iri ɗaya ne: Tsaftace da feshin ruwa kawai da farko, kuma idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da wanki mai laushi tare da goga mai laushi (ta ProVia). Ka guji goge waya da acid, gami da vinegar. Idan an ba da shawarar mai siti don kowane nau'in samfur, a hankali bi umarnin duka masu masana'anta na dutse da mai rufewa.

Dorewa na dutse cladding
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Dorewar ƙulla dutse ya fito ne daga ƙarfinsa da sake amfani da shi. Dutsen dabi'a yana kusan sake yin amfani da shi 100%. Ci gaba na baya-bayan nan game da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai da sa ido kan muhalli sun inganta tasiri sosai a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata (ta hanyar Cibiyar Nazarin Halitta ta Halitta). “Koren” dutsen halitta yana ƙara haɓaka ta wasu kaddarorin, gami da cewa yawanci baya fitar da VOCs kuma yana buƙatar kusan babu sinadarai don samarwa. BuildingGreen ya bambanta da wannan tare da ingantattun samfuran, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama ƙaƙƙarfan a cikin sinadarai na petrochemicals (musamman dutsen da aka ƙera da polyurethane) da kuma abubuwan da aka kera da su waɗanda galibi ke buƙatar jigilar duniya.

Dutsen da aka ƙera yana da nasa masu goyon baya waɗanda suka yi nasara da dacewa da muhalli. Suna jayayya cewa tasirin muhalli na dutsen da aka ƙera ya ragu saboda raguwar dogaro ga rushewar ɓarna da ƙarancin kuzarin da ke tattare da jigilar kayayyaki masu nauyi. Kuma idan aka kwatanta da filastik, vinyl, ko siding na itace da aka yi da itace, dutsen da aka kera ba ya dogara da sinadarai yayin aikin masana'antu (ta Casa di Sassi).

Insulation na cladding
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Abubuwan da aka keɓe na dutse na halitta galibi ana ɗaukaka su a cikin tallace-tallace da wallafe-wallafen fasaha, amma Texture Plus ya ce dutse ba insulator ba ne mai kyau sai dai tarin zafin jiki wanda zai iya adana zafi. Hasashen, wannan ya fi fa'ida a lokacin sanyi fiye da lokacin da yake zafi. Binciken shari'ar Majalisar Dutsen Halitta "Natural Stone Solar Reflectance Index and the Urban Heat Island Effect" ya bayyana cewa zafin zafi yana ƙara farashin sanyaya kuma, saboda haka, tasirin muhalli.

To mene ne ra'ayin wannan duka? Bari mu duba wasu lambobi. Masu insulators na thermal suna da ƙarancin ƙarancin zafin jiki a kowane inch, wanda aka bayyana a cikin "R-darajar kowane inch," tare da ƙima mafi girma. Daga cikin kayan rufi na yau da kullun, rufin batt ɗin fiberglass yana da R-darajar da inch na 2.9 zuwa 3.8, batt ɗin ulu na dutse daga 3.3 zuwa 4.2, sako-sako da cellulose daga 3.1 zuwa 3.8, da kumfa mai rufaffiyar daga 5.6 zuwa 8.0 (ta hanyar Maigidan Yau) . A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, dutse yana da kowane inch R-darajar da ke jere daga .027 (Quartzite) zuwa .114 (Limestone) ta hanyar Cibiyar Dutsen Halitta. R-darajar da inch na ƙera dutse siding yawanci a cikin unguwa na .41 a kowace inch (ta hanyar Inganta Cibiyar). Ka tuna cewa ganuwar an keɓe masu zaman kansu daga cladding, don haka wannan ba ko dai/ko yanayi ba ne, kuma cladding yana ƙara darajar R zuwa rufin da kake da shi. A gaskiya ma, tsarin cladding gaba ɗaya yana ƙara darajar R, kamar 4 ko 5 zuwa ƙimar R-ƙimar bangon gaba ɗaya.

Har yanzu, dangane da bang don kuɗin ku, ƙulla dutse yana da fa'idodi masu fa'ida fiye da kaddarorin sa. Don mahallin, batt fiberglass rufi a cikin bango na 2x4 na zamani na iya samun jimlar R-darajar 15, kuma yana biyan $1 kowace ƙafar murabba'in ko ƙasa da haka. Don haka yana iya zama da ma'ana a mai da hankali maimakon ga sauran fa'idodin kamar kariya ta yanayi, hana wuta, ingantacciyar darajar sake siyarwa, da kyan gani.

Farashin sutura
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Don haka menene kuke biya don wannan kariya ta yanayi, hana wuta, ƙimar sake siyarwa, da kyan gani? Kudin ɗorawa dutse yana kan taswirar, tare da babban tazara tsakanin kuɗin da ake kashewa na dutse na halitta da dutsen da aka kera mai rahusa. A cikin ƙasa, an shigar da farashin ƙafar ƙafa ɗaya tsakanin $5 (dutsen da aka kera mai rahusa) da $48 (mafi kyawun dutsen halitta), a cewar Sabis na Gida na zamani. Farashin shigarwar siding na dutse daga $30,000 zuwa $50,000, tare da matsakaicin ƙasa na $37,500 (ta hanyar Fixr). Babu shakka, idan kuna la'akari da shingen dutse, aikinku zai zama na musamman, kuma farashin ku zai bambanta da wannan matsakaici, mai yiwuwa da yawa.

Ba zato ba tsammani, duka Fixr da Modernize suna jefa "dutsen faux" a cikin mahaɗin lokacin da ake tattaunawa kan farashi. Dutsen faux yawanci yana kwatanta samfurin kumfa mai gyare-gyare wanda yayi kama da dutsen halitta kuma mai DIYer zai iya shigar dashi. Amma mun yi watsi da dutsen faux a cikin tattaunawarmu saboda ba ta da wasu mahimman halaye masu ɗorewa na mahimmanci ga tattaunawa na siding na dutse. Duk abin da yake da alaƙa da dutse shi ne kamanninsa.

Don haka, zan yi amfani da shi ko a'a?
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Lokacin karantawa game da kayan gini na dutse, lokaci-lokaci za ku gamu da manyan iƙirari game da rugujewar tarihi waɗanda ke nuna, ko kuma a zahiri, cewa rukunin Rum ko wani tarkace mai ban sha'awa tabbaci ne na tsayin dutse. Kuma, gaskiya isa: Dutse ne m. Gine-ginen dutse ba su da ɗan dorewa, ko da yake. Hendricks Architecture ya fito daidai ya ce: Dutse ba kyakkyawan kayan gini ba ne wanda ya gaza a ƙarƙashin wasu kaya, kamar abubuwan girgizar ƙasa. Hanyoyin gine-gine sun wuce fiye da tsarin dutse.

Abin da ke wanzuwa, ko da yake, ra'ayi ne na ƙarfi da dutse ya halitta. Don haka, sami wannan: Ta hanyar ƙirƙirar ra'ayi na dutse mai ƙarfi yayin da ake haɗa shi cikin ainihin gine-ginen zamani masu ƙarfi, ƙwanƙwasa dutse yana kula da zama duka ruɗi da ainihin abu.

Don haka, babu tambaya cewa yana da fifiko ga ainihin dutsen tsarin, amma a wane farashi? Saita da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan sutura da siding, duka na halitta da ƙera dutse na iya zama tsada sosai, kuma ƙila kuɗi shine farkon abin da za a yanke shawarar ko za a yi amfani da shi. Bayan kashe kuɗin kuɗi, shawararku game da abin da za a yi amfani da dutsen zai dogara ne akan amsoshin tambayoyi da yawa. Yaya rana, inuwa, da danshi ginin ku zai yi yaƙi da su? Menene matsanancin zafin da zai fuskanta? Menene bangon da kuke da shi, kuma nawa ne tsayinsu? An shigar da shi a hankali, babban nau'in "rufe dutse" na iya ɗaukar duk waɗannan rikice-rikice tare da canjin kayan aiki a nan da tweak zuwa hanyar gini a can (ta hanyar Armstone).

Amma ba za ku sami suturar dutse a matsayin mai arha, inganci, ko abin dogaro kamar wasu hanyoyin siding ba. Tabbas, yana iya zama abin dogaro, amma ba shine mafi aminci fare ba. Masu kera samfuran gasa za su yi gaba gaɗi lokaci-lokaci, faɗin iƙirari cewa simintin dutse yana lalata duk ma'anar siding ta hanyar ba da danshi hanyar shiga cikin bangon ku. Wannan an wuce gona da iri, amma akwai gaskiyar lamarin. Don haka mafi aminci mai yuwuwar shigar da abu mai tsada ya sa ya fi tsada, kuma wannan shine ƙimar da kuke biya don kwarin gwiwa na gaske: Ganuwar dutse, ko na gaske ko a'a, suna da kwazazzabo.