Top X genera lapidum Used in Construction landscape lapis

A pyramidibus ad Parthenonem homines per milia annorum lapidibus aedificaverunt. Inter usos et notissimos lapides naturales ad constructionem adhibiti sunt basalte, calcis, travertine, rasa. Quisquam architectus, conductor, structura tibi hoc narrabunt lapis naturalis eximie durabilis, egregium reditum in obsidione comparans.

Irregulares lapides

The technical characteristics of different stone such as porosity, compression strength, heat endurance thresholds, and frost resistance, will affect a stone’s application. Stones like basalt, granite, and sandstone fare well for massive construction projects like dams and bridges, whereas travertine, quartzite, and marble work better for interior construction and decoration.

In this blog, we’ll explore different stone types and uses to give you a broad overview of their unique qualities and applications.

Quomodo lapis differt a petra?

While stone and rock are used interchangeably, they are different regarding internal structure and composition. Rocks form part of the earth’s crust and are found virtually everywhere, whereas stones are hard substances like limestone or sandstone extracted from rock, for example.

Maior differentia est, quod lapis maior est et fractus ad recuperationem elementorum mineralium, cum lapis potest coagmentari ad formas componentes utiles ad fabricandum. Sine petra non essent lapides.

Whether igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary, rocks used for building materials contain different types of stone that can construct some of the most magnificent architectural feats. There are three main types of rock. Let’s examine them more closely.

Igneus Petra

Named after the Latin word for fire, Igneous rocks form when hot, molten magma solidifies below the earth’s surface. This type of rock is divided into two groups, intrusive or extrusive, depending on where the molten rock solidifies. Intrusive igneous rock crystallizes below the earth’s surface, and extrusive rocks erupt onto the surface.

Saxum igneum construendi haec genera lapidis includit;

• Granite
• Obsidian
• Gabbro
• Diabase

Metamorphic petram

Metamorphic rock starts as one type of rock but due to pressure, heat, and time, gradually transforms into a new rock type. Although it forms deep within the earth’s crust, it's often exposed on our planet’s surface after geological uplift and the erosion of rock and soil above it. These crystalline rocks tend to have a foliated texture.

Metamorphicus petra constructionis has species lapidis includit;

• Slate 
• Marmor 
• Gneiss
• Quartzite 

Saxum sedimentarium

This rock is always formed in layers called “strata” and often contains fossils. Pieces of rock are loosened by weather, then transported to a basin or depression where the sediment is trapped, and lithification (compaction) takes place. The sediment is deposited in flat, horizontal layers, with the oldest layers on the bottom and younger layers on top. 

What are the most common Building Stones?

Infra sunt decem figurae communissimarum lapidum quae in saecula adhibitae sunt et partem habent et in hodierno mundo hodierno uti possunt.  

Granite

This coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock is composed chiefly of quartz, feldspar, and plagioclase. Granite gets its signature color speckles from crystallization — the longer the molten rock has to cool, the larger the grains of color. 

Available in white, pink, yellow, gray, and black, this building stone is lauded for its durability.  As the earth’s most durable and common igneous rock, granite optima electio est calculis, monumentis, pavimentis, pontibus, columnis, areis. 

Sandstone

Sandstone classica petra sedimentaria facta est ex granis vicus et feldspar silicatis arenosis mediocri. Lapis materia difficilis et tempestatibus renitens saepe usus est in frontes et parietes interiores, necnon scamna horti, extruendi materia, patio mensae, lacus oras. 

Hic lapis potest esse quilibet color sicut arena, sed colores frequentissimi sunt tan, fusci, cinerei, albi, rubri et flavi. Si vicus contentus habet, sabuleum etiam frangi potest et ut fons silicae ad fabricam vitream adhibita est. 

calcis

Componitur ex calcite et magnesio, haec petra mollis sedimentaris plerumque grisea est, sed potest etiam esse alba, flavus vel brunnea. Ex prospectu geologico lapis calcis formatur vel in aqua marina profunda vel propter aquae evaporationem in formatione speluncae. 

Unicum huius petrae notum est quod eius prima pars, calcita, maxime formatur per fossiliationem conchae producentis et coral aedificationis organismi vivi. CALX in materia aedificationem adhibetur in applicationibus architecturae parietum, ornatae cultae, crustae. 

Basalt

Dark and heavy, this extrusive, igneous rock makes up most of the planet’s oceanic crust. Basalt is black, but after extensive weathering, may turn green or brown. Additionally, it contains some light-colored minerals like feldspar and quartz, but these are difficult to see with the naked eye. 

Ferro et magnesio dives, basalte in fabricandis caudices, silices, tegulas tabulatum, via lapidea, semita cancelli et statuae. 90% omnium petrae molaris est silicea. 

Marmor

Marmora est pulchra metamorphica petra, quae calcis calx alto pressioni seu calori subiecta est, per saecula amatur. Continet fere alia mineralia sicut vicus, graphite, pyrite, et oxydi ferrei, qui colorant discolores a roseo ad brunneum, cinereum, viridem, nigrum, coloratum variegatum. 

Marmor est optimus lapis ad edificandum monumenta, ornamentum interiorem, tabulae, sculpturas et novitates ob singularem suam speciem. Marmor pulcherrimum album in Carraria, Italia lapicidina est. 

Slate

Rasa est opaca, foliata, homogenea sedimentaria petra ex shale petra ex argilla vel cinere molaris composita. Metalla argillantia originalis in micas mutandas ad micas augendas cum caloris et pressionis gradus expositae sunt. 

Gray in color, slate contains quartz, feldspar, calcite, pyrite, and hematite, among other minerals. It’s a desirable building stone that’s been utilized in construction since ancient Egyptian times. Today, it’s used as roofing, flagging, decorative aggregates, and flooring because of its attractiveness and durability. 

Pumices

Pumice is a porous igneous rock produced during volcanic eruptions. It forms so rapidly that its atoms don’t have time to crystallize, essentially rendering it a solidified foam. While it occurs in various colors like white, gray, blue, cream, green, and brown, it is almost always pale. 

Tametsi opacis, superficies huius lapidis aspera est. Pulvis pumex aggregatum in leve concretum pro velit, ut lapis politus, et in variis industrialibus et consumendi fructibus, necnon in poliendo lapide. 

Quartzite

Cum vicus sabuleus dives mutatur calore, pressura et activitate metamorphismi chemicae, in quartzite vertit. In processu, arena grana et caementa silica constringunt, inde in retis formidabilibus granis vicus interlocking. 

Quartzites plerumque albus vel levis coloratus est, sed additae materiae, quae terra aquae vehuntur, colores viridis, caerulei vel ferrei rubri possunt impertire. Unus est ex primis lapidibus ad fabricandum calculis, contignationes, tegularum tegularum, gradus scalarum ob marmorum speciem et lapidis vetustatem.

Travertine

Travertine Est genus calcis terrestris ex depositis mineralibus iuxta fontes naturales formata. Haec sedimentaria petra fibrosam vel concentricam speciem habet, et venit in umbras albas, tan, lactis, et rubigines. Unicum eius textura et toni terrae attractivae faciunt popularem ad applicationes aedificandas. 

This versatile stone variety is commonly used for indoor and outdoor flooring, spa walls, ceilings, facades, and wall cladding. It’s an affordable option compared to other natural stones like marble, yet still maintains a luxurious appeal. 

Alabaster

Gypsum medium durum, alabastrum album plerumque et pellucens cum grano paludati.

Its small natural grain is visible when held up to the light. Because it’s a porous mineral, this stone can be dyed in a variety of colors. 

It has been used for centuries to make statues, carvings, and other decorative and ornamental work. While the splendor of alabaster is undeniable, it is a soft metamorphic rock that’s only really suitable for indoor applications.

conclusio

The many natural stone products on the market and their unique characteristics can make it challenging for contractors and homeowners to select the correct ones for their projects. If you’re new to the process, the first thing to consider is the location of the stone installation. For instance, the type of stones for floor applications will differ if it’s indoors or outdoors. 

Then you’ll need to evaluate the stone’s durability, the fabricator’s warranty, and its grade. There are three grades of natural stone: commercial, standard, and first choice. Standard grade is a good fit for interior applications, like countertops, whereas commercial-grade, may be better for apartment or hotel projects where only a portion of slab is required, and large imperfections can be avoided. 

There’s a lot to consider, right? As well-seasoned experts in the stone business, our team at Stone Center can help you with stone selection for residential and commercial stone projects, regardless of their scale. Why not start by taking a look at our extensive catalog of premium edificandi lapidem?