Qurilishda ishlatiladigan toshning eng yaxshi 10 turi landshaft toshlari

Piramidalardan Parfenongacha, odamlar ming yillar davomida toshlardan qurishgan. Qurilish uchun ishlatiladigan eng ko'p ishlatiladigan va taniqli tabiiy toshlar orasida bazalt, ohaktosh, travertin va shifer mavjud. Buni har qanday arxitektor, pudratchi yoki devorchi sizga aytadi tabiiy tosh juda bardoshli bo'lib, investitsiyalarning ajoyib daromadini ta'minlaydi.

Noto'g'ri toshlar

The technical characteristics of different stone such as porosity, compression strength, heat endurance thresholds, and frost resistance, will affect a stone’s application. Stones like basalt, granite, and sandstone fare well for massive construction projects like dams and bridges, whereas travertine, quartzite, and marble work better for interior construction and decoration.

In this blog, we’ll explore different stone types and uses to give you a broad overview of their unique qualities and applications.

Tosh toshdan qanday farq qiladi?

While stone and rock are used interchangeably, they are different regarding internal structure and composition. Rocks form part of the earth’s crust and are found virtually everywhere, whereas stones are hard substances like limestone or sandstone extracted from rock, for example.

Asosiy farq shundaki, tosh kattaroq va mineral elementlarni olish uchun parchalanadi, tosh esa qurilish uchun foydali bo'lgan qismlarni hosil qilish uchun birga sementlanishi mumkin. Tosh bo'lmasa, toshlar ham bo'lmaydi.

Whether igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary, rocks used for building materials contain different types of stone that can construct some of the most magnificent architectural feats. There are three main types of rock. Let’s examine them more closely.

Magmatik tosh

Named after the Latin word for fire, Igneous rocks form when hot, molten magma solidifies below the earth’s surface. This type of rock is divided into two groups, intrusive or extrusive, depending on where the molten rock solidifies. Intrusive igneous rock crystallizes below the earth’s surface, and extrusive rocks erupt onto the surface.

Qurilish uchun magmatik tosh quyidagi turdagi toshlarni o'z ichiga oladi:

• Granit
• Obsidian
• Gabbro
• Diabaza

Metamorfik tosh

Metamorphic rock starts as one type of rock but due to pressure, heat, and time, gradually transforms into a new rock type. Although it forms deep within the earth’s crust, it's often exposed on our planet’s surface after geological uplift and the erosion of rock and soil above it. These crystalline rocks tend to have a foliated texture.

Qurilish uchun metamorfik tosh quyidagi tosh turlarini o'z ichiga oladi:

• Shifer 
• Marmar 
• Gneys
• Kvarsit 

Cho'kindi jins

This rock is always formed in layers called “strata” and often contains fossils. Pieces of rock are loosened by weather, then transported to a basin or depression where the sediment is trapped, and lithification (compaction) takes place. The sediment is deposited in flat, horizontal layers, with the oldest layers on the bottom and younger layers on top. 

Eng keng tarqalgan qurilish toshlari nima?

Quyida asrlar davomida qo'llanilgan va bugungi kunda bizning zamonaviy dunyomizning bir qismini tashkil etuvchi va qo'llanilayotgan toshning eng keng tarqalgan o'nta turi mavjud.  

Granit

This coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock is composed chiefly of quartz, feldspar, and plagioclase. Granite gets its signature color speckles from crystallization — the longer the molten rock has to cool, the larger the grains of color. 

Available in white, pink, yellow, gray, and black, this building stone is lauded for its durability.  As the earth’s most durable and common igneous rock, granit dastgohlar, yodgorliklar, yulkalar, ko'priklar, ustunlar va pollar uchun ajoyib tanlovdir. 

Qumtosh

Qumtosh kvarts va dala shpatining qum o'lchamdagi silikat donalaridan hosil bo'lgan klassik cho'kindi jinsdir. Qattiq va ob-havoga chidamli bu qurilish materiali tosh ko'pincha jabhalar va ichki devorlarni, shuningdek, bog 'skameykalari, yulka materiallari, veranda stollari va suzish havzasi chetlarini qoplash uchun ishlatiladi. 

Bu tosh qum kabi har qanday rangga ega bo'lishi mumkin, lekin eng keng tarqalgan ranglar sarg'ish, jigarrang, kulrang, oq, qizil va sariqdir. Agar u yuqori kvarts tarkibiga ega bo'lsa, qumtosh hatto maydalanishi va shisha ishlab chiqarish uchun silika manbai sifatida ishlatilishi mumkin. 

Ohaktosh

Kaltsit va magniydan tashkil topgan bu yumshoq cho'kindi jins odatda kulrang, lekin oq, sariq yoki jigarrang bo'lishi mumkin. Geologik nuqtai nazardan, ohaktosh chuqur dengiz suvida yoki g'or shakllanishi paytida suvning bug'lanishi tufayli hosil bo'ladi. 

Ushbu jinsning o'ziga xos xususiyati shundaki, uning asosiy tarkibiy qismi - kaltsit, asosan, qobiq hosil qiluvchi va marjon hosil qiluvchi tirik organizmlarning toshga aylanishi natijasida hosil bo'ladi. Qurilish materiali sifatida ohaktosh devorlar, dekorativ bezaklar va shpon uchun me'moriy ilovalarda qo'llaniladi. 

Bazalt

Dark and heavy, this extrusive, igneous rock makes up most of the planet’s oceanic crust. Basalt is black, but after extensive weathering, may turn green or brown. Additionally, it contains some light-colored minerals like feldspar and quartz, but these are difficult to see with the naked eye. 

Temir va magniyga boy bazalt qurilishda qurilish bloklari, tosh toshlar, taxta plitkalari, yo'l toshlari, temir yo'l balastlari va haykallarni tayyorlash uchun ishlatiladi. Barcha vulqon jinslarining 90% bazaltdir. 

Marmar

Asrlar davomida o'zining hashamati va boyligi uchun sevilgan marmar, ohaktosh yuqori bosim yoki issiqlik ta'sirida hosil bo'lgan go'zal metamorfik jinsdir. U odatda kvarts, grafit, pirit va temir oksidi kabi boshqa minerallarni o'z ichiga oladi, bu unga pushti rangdan jigarrang, kulrang, yashil, qora yoki rang-barang ranggacha turli xil ranglarni beradi. 

O'zining noyob tomiri va nafis ko'rinishi tufayli marmar yodgorliklarni qurish, ichki bezatish, stol usti, haykaltaroshlik va yangiliklar uchun eng yaxshi tosh hisoblanadi. Eng nufuzli oq marmar Italiyaning Karrara shahrida qazib olinadi. 

Shifer

Slate - gil yoki vulqon kulidan tashkil topgan slanets jinsidan olingan mayda donador, bargli, bir hil cho'kindi jins. Slanets tarkibidagi asl loy minerallari issiqlik va bosimning ortib borishi ta'sirida slyudaga aylanadi. 

Gray in color, slate contains quartz, feldspar, calcite, pyrite, and hematite, among other minerals. It’s a desirable building stone that’s been utilized in construction since ancient Egyptian times. Today, it’s used as roofing, flagging, decorative aggregates, and flooring because of its attractiveness and durability. 

Pemza

Pumice is a porous igneous rock produced during volcanic eruptions. It forms so rapidly that its atoms don’t have time to crystallize, essentially rendering it a solidified foam. While it occurs in various colors like white, gray, blue, cream, green, and brown, it is almost always pale. 

Mayda taneli bo'lsa-da, bu toshning yuzasi qo'poldir. Chang pomza izolyatsiyalash uchun engil betonda agregat sifatida, sayqallovchi tosh sifatida va turli sanoat va iste'mol mahsulotlari, shuningdek, sayqallovchi tosh sifatida ishlatiladi. 

Kvarsit

Kvarsga boy qumtosh issiqlik, bosim va metamorfizmning kimyoviy faolligi bilan o'zgartirilsa, u kvartsitga aylanadi. Jarayon davomida qum donalari va silika tsement bir-biriga bog'lanadi, natijada bir-biriga bog'langan kvarts donalarining kuchli tarmog'i paydo bo'ladi. 

Kvarsit odatda oq yoki ochiq rangga ega, ammo er osti suvlari tomonidan olib boriladigan qo'shimcha materiallar yashil, ko'k yoki temir-qizil ranglarni berishi mumkin. Bu marmarga o'xshash ko'rinishi va granitga o'xshash chidamliligi tufayli stol usti, taxta, tom yopish plitkalari va zinapoyalarni qurish uchun eng yaxshi toshlardan biridir.

Travertin

Travertin tabiiy buloqlar yaqinidagi foydali qazilma konlaridan hosil boʻlgan quruqlik ohaktoshlarining bir turi. Ushbu cho'kindi jinslar tolali yoki konsentrik ko'rinishga ega va oq, sarg'ish, krem ​​va zang ranglariga ega. Uning noyob teksturasi va jozibali tuproq ohanglari uni qurilish ilovalari uchun mashhur qiladi. 

This versatile stone variety is commonly used for indoor and outdoor flooring, spa walls, ceilings, facades, and wall cladding. It’s an affordable option compared to other natural stones like marble, yet still maintains a luxurious appeal. 

Alabaster

O'rtacha qattiqlikdagi gips, alabaster odatda oq va shaffof, nozik bir xil donaga ega.

Its small natural grain is visible when held up to the light. Because it’s a porous mineral, this stone can be dyed in a variety of colors. 

It has been used for centuries to make statues, carvings, and other decorative and ornamental work. While the splendor of alabaster is undeniable, it is a soft metamorphic rock that’s only really suitable for indoor applications.

Xulosa

The many natural stone products on the market and their unique characteristics can make it challenging for contractors and homeowners to select the correct ones for their projects. If you’re new to the process, the first thing to consider is the location of the stone installation. For instance, the type of stones for floor applications will differ if it’s indoors or outdoors. 

Then you’ll need to evaluate the stone’s durability, the fabricator’s warranty, and its grade. There are three grades of natural stone: commercial, standard, and first choice. Standard grade is a good fit for interior applications, like countertops, whereas commercial-grade, may be better for apartment or hotel projects where only a portion of slab is required, and large imperfections can be avoided. 

There’s a lot to consider, right? As well-seasoned experts in the stone business, our team at Stone Center can help you with stone selection for residential and commercial stone projects, regardless of their scale. Why not start by taking a look at our extensive catalog of premium qurilish tosh?