ለስላሳ የተፈጥሮ ድንጋዮች ምንድን ናቸው እና የት ጥቅም ላይ ሊውሉ ይችላሉ? የመሬት አቀማመጥ ድንጋይ

ለምንድነው አንዳንዶቹ የተፈጥሮ ድንጋዮች considered to be soft when they all appear to be hard? The answer lies within ‘relative’ hardness. Mohs scale of hardness was invented in 1812 and compares the relative hardness of ten minerals. Diamond is the hardest and rates a 10, while granite is the toughest natural stone at 6. Limestone comes in at 3 as does its metamorphic counterpart, marble. Softer stone is easier to dress or carve but does not wear or weather quite as well as harder stone. Here we discuss some of the more popular soft stones along with suitable applications.

መደበኛ ያልሆኑ ድንጋዮች

ደለል ድንጋይ

የኖራ ድንጋይ፣ የአሸዋ ድንጋይ እና የሼል ድንጋይ በጣም የተለመዱ የሴዲሜንታሪ ድንጋይ ዓይነቶች ናቸው። እነዚህ በሚሊዮን ለሚቆጠሩ ዓመታት ወደ ውቅያኖስ ወለል ላይ የወደቀውን ደለል በመሸከም በከፍተኛ ግፊት የተፈጠሩ ናቸው።

Slate

The layers in slate are described as being “foliated” and they are easily split apart to create whatever thickness is required. UK slate is considered to be hard and was traditionally used as roofing, while soft slate is found in China, Spain, Italy and the USA. With a broad range of natural slate colours, a multiple array of designs can be achieved, from contemporary to classic, rustic to refined. Slate is often recommended for high traffic areas, thanks to its remarkably durable composition. It is also non-porous and does not easily react with acid liquids. It is fire proof, weather resistant and achieves good slip resistance dues to its riven finish.

የኖራ ድንጋይ

Limestone is a very common building material and is formed mainly from the mineral calcite, derived from the calcium in bones and seashells deposited over the millennia and forced together through pressure. While it also contains magnesium, it is harder and more weather resistant, and can also be polished. Portland stone from the eponymous island in Dorset is probably the single most famous type of limestone and was used to build many of London’s great buildings. It is used for external cladding as well as paving, fireplaces and other internal and external decorative features. Its soft colours are its trademark visual attributes.

የአሸዋ ድንጋይ

የአሸዋ ድንጋይ ምናልባት ከ1800 በፊት በብዛት ጥቅም ላይ የሚውለው የግንባታ ድንጋይ ነበር ይህም ከድልድይ ጀምሮ እስከ ውብ ህንፃዎች ድረስ። ከስሙ መረዳት እንደሚቻለው አሸዋ፣ ኦርጋኒክ ቁስ፣ ካልሳይት እና የተለያዩ ማዕድናት በሺህ አመታት ውስጥ በሚያስደንቅ ጫና ሲዋሃዱ ነው የተፈጠረው። ከቆሻሻ ወይም ከጥሩ ሸካራነት ጋር እና በባህላዊ መልኩ በማቲ አጨራረስ የሚቀርብ። በዋናነት ክሬም, ቀይ ወይም ግራጫ በዩኬ ውስጥ, ቀለሙ በውስጡ በተካተቱት ተጨማሪ ማዕድናት ላይ የተመሰረተ ነው. ሲሊካ ነጭነትን ይሰጣል ፣ ብረት ግን ቀይ-ቡናማ ቀለም ይሰጣል። ዋናዎቹ የመተግበሪያ ቦታዎች ግድግዳዎች እና ወለሎች, ወይም ውጫዊ ንጣፍ ናቸው.

እብነበረድ

እብነ በረድ የኖራ ድንጋይ የተገኘ ነው፣ በሚሊዮን በሚቆጠሩ አመታት ውስጥ በትልቅ ሙቀት እና ግፊት ሜታሞሮሲስ አማካኝነት የተሰራ። ምንም እንኳን በአንጻራዊነት ለስላሳነት ከሌሎች ድንጋዮች ጋር ሲነጻጸር, እብነ በረድ በሚያስደንቅ ሁኔታ በደንብ ይቦረቦራል. በተለምዶ እብነ በረድ በሮች ውስጥ ጥቅም ላይ ይውላል እና ከፍተኛ ደረጃን ለመፍጠር ይረዳል.