KUIDAS TEKIB LOODUSLIK KIVI? maastikukivi

Looduslik kivi on üks enimkasutatavaid materjale kodudes ja aedades. Kuid kas olete kunagi mõelnud, kust on pärit teie konkreetsed kiviplaadid, tellised või põrandakate?

Kaunid naturaalsest kivist laotud süsteemid välisseina jaoks

Natural stone was created thousands of years ago when the Earth was just a ball of mineral gases. As these gases began to cool down, they compressed and solidified to form the world we know today. It was during this process that natural stone was formed – the type of stone created depends on what type of minerals were combined at that time. This was a slow process that occurred over millions of years. As the Earth began to settle, many of these seams of stone were gradually pushed to the surface by heat and pressure, creating the large formations we see today.

Stone can come from anywhere in the world, and the type of stone is determined by its origins. There are quarries in America, Mexico, Canada, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Brazil, as well as many other countries around the globe. Some countries have multiple natural stone quarries, whilst others only have a few. Let’s look in closer detail at where particular stones originate and how they were formed.

Marmor

Marmor is the result of limestone that has been altered through heat and pressure. It’s a versatile stone that can be used on virtually anything – statues, stairs, walls, bathrooms, counter tops, and more. Usually seen in white, marble is also common in black and grey tints, and has great weather endurance.

Kvartsiit

Kvartsiit pärineb liivakivist, mida on kuumuse ja kokkusurumisega muudetud. Kivi on peamiselt valge, kuid võib leida ka pruuni, halli või roheka varjundiga. See on üks kõvemaid looduslikke kiviliike, mistõttu on see suurepärane valik hoonete fassaadide, tööpindade ja muude konstruktsioonide jaoks, mis nõuavad vastupidavaid kive.

Graniit

Graniit oli algselt tardkivi, mis oli kokku puutunud magmaga (laavaga) ja muutunud erinevate mineraalidega kokkupuutel. Kivi leidub tavaliselt riikides, kus on mingil hetkel olnud kõrge vulkaaniline aktiivsus, ning see on saadaval väga erinevates värvides, alates mustast, pruunist, punasest, valgest ja peaaegu kõigist nende vahele jäävatest värvidest. Graniit on oma antibakteriaalsete omaduste tõttu suurepärane võimalus kööki ja vannituppa.

Lubjakivi

Lubjakivi on korallide, merekarpide ja muu ookeanielu kokkusurumise tulemus. Lubjakivi on kahte tüüpi: kõvemat tüüpi, mis on täis kaltsiumi, ja pehmemat tüüpi, milles on rohkem magneesiumi. Kõva lubjakivi kasutatakse sageli ehitustööstuses või jahvatatakse ja kasutatakse mördis selle veekindla kvaliteedi tõttu.

Bluestone

Bluestone is sometimes referred to as basalt, and is one of the most common natural stones around the world. Bluestone forms through the alteration of lava, and because of this, is one of the closest stones to the Earth’s surface. Basalt is generally darker in colour, and is used as house roofing and floor tiles because of its hard texture.

Kiltkivi

Kiltkivi tekkis põlevkivi ja mudakivi setete muutmisel kuumuse ja rõhu mõjul. Musta, lilla, sinise, rohelise ja halli värvides on kiltkivist saanud populaarne katusekatete valik, kuna seda saab õhukeselt lõigata ja see talub külma temperatuuri minimaalse kahjuga. Kiltkivi kasutatakse selle vastupidavuse tõttu sageli ka põrandaplaatidena.

Travertiin

Travertiin is created when floodwaters wash through limestone, leaving mineral deposits throughout. As it dries out, the extra minerals solidify to gradually create a much denser material called travertine. This stone is good as a replacement for marble or granite, as it’s much lighter and easier to work with, yet still durable. For this reason travertine is often used on floors or walls, and is estimated to last around fifty years if maintained regularly.