Postavte nasucho naskládané kamenné opěrné zdi – bláznivou dlažbu

Chcete si postavit vlastní kamennou opěrnou zeď, ale nejste si jisti, jak začít? Pokud máte nerovný dvoře, může kamenná opěrná zeď pomoci zabránit erozi a poskytuje pěkné místo pro výsadbu. Chcete-li se naučit, jak sestavit svůj vlastní, od začátku do konce, čtěte dále.

 

To figure out how much stone you’ll need, multiply your wall’s height times the depth times the length. If your wall is 2 feet high, 1-1/2 feet wide, and 20 feet long, you’ll need roughly 60 cubic feet of stone. Most stoneyards will deliver the stones for a slight charge; have them placed as close to the site of your retaining wall as possible.

Pokud jde o tools, you’ll need a shovel for digging your trench and backfilling, a krumpáč for attacking the grade, and a small sledgehammer for tamping soil. For marking your site and leveling rocks, you’ll need a line level, a few tall stakes, string, some flour, and a 4- or 8-foot level.

 

So you’re all set with your nářadí, trochu pitné vody a možná nějaké melodie k práci. První věc, kterou musíte udělat, je určit přední stranu stěny. Pokud je rovná, lze k označení vlasce použít prkno nebo provázek natažený mezi kolíky. Jinak použijte zahradní hadici a okraj označte moukou.

 

Now you can start digging. The easiest approach is to cut and fill—that is, dig into the slope where the wall will go and spread the earth below you to create a level terrace. When you cut and fill, the wall is backed by undisturbed soil, which is more stable than fill. For design reasons, however, you might choose to build a freestanding wall and fill behind it with soil from another site. Or you might do a partial cut and fill, which is somewhere between the two.

Stěny se staví v kurzech. The base course is structurally the most important, while the final course, the capstone, is the most challenging. For stability, walls should be at least 20 inches wide at the base. They can taper slightly toward the top, but you’ll want a wall that is at least two rocks wide in most places. This can be accomplished by mixing stones of different sizes or by backfilling with a combination of two-thirds rubble to one-third soil.

 

 Vykopejte příkop pro základní hřiště

Start by digging a trench about 4 inches deep and at least 2 feet wide. A straightedged spade will give you a nice, even edge. The first course must be very solid and tightly fit because the weight of the wall will rest on it. Take the time to find rocks that lock into place, without leaving gaps. Randomly lay your largest rocks along the front edge of the trench. Set the first stone, shifting it around until it sits securely without being rocked easily, and then fill with the remaining stones. If you are using rectangular stones, you want the height of adjacent stones to be the same, or of a difference that can be made up with a smaller stone. If the rocks are irregular, then the stones will fit together leaving a triangular gap for the next course to fit into. I find irregular rocks easier to work with than flat ones; with flat rocks you have to be more precise. Find a stone that fits well and then continue for a few more feet. A rule of thumb, passed down from my wall-building teacher’s mentor, is to try a stone seven different ways. If it doesn’t fit by the seventh try, use another stone.

Dále lopatou odhrňte nečistoty za kameny a udusejte zeminu do mezer between, behind, and beneath the stones with top of the sledgehammer. This is an important step because the dirt becomes the mortar for the wall. I also recommend adding rubble (those stones you won’t use on the face of your wall) behind the face course to give greater strength to the wall. Pound the rubble and soil mix until you are satisfied that it is solid. Continue the first course until you reach the end of the wall. When you are done, test

 váš kurz tím, že po něm budete jemně chodit. Kameny by se neměly odvalovat pod vaši váhu.

 

Chcete-li začít druhý kurz, vyberte kámen, který překlene první spáru spodního kurzu. Avoid having joints run up the face of the wall, and angle (batter) the courses backward—approximately 1 inch per vertical foot. This creates a stable wall. For added strength, intermittently place single stones that run the full depth of the wall. This will only work with rectangular rocks. For irregular rocks, place a large rock behind a face rock every 3 feet or so. As you set a course, you will come to situations, probably quite a few of them, where the rock placement is perfect on all sides but one. These are the planting opportunities that give life to a stone wall.

Continue building in this manner until you are one course away from the finished height. Fitting stones will get easier as you go, and you’ll likely discover that there’s a certain magic moment when you’re building a wall: you hear a thump that signals you’ve placed a rock perfec

 

Upravte si výšku umístění stěny

The ideal height for a dry-stacked retaining wall is 18 to 22 inches—so you can sit on it when your gardening chores are done. Even if

you don’t plan to sit on your wall, 3 feet is about as high as I would recommend building any dry-stacked wall; higher walls should be engineered for stability. Using your stakes, string, and line level, mark the height of the capstone. You’ll also want to check the level of individual stones as you go. It’s difficult to get the capstone perfectly level, but a 1-inch variance looks level overall.

 

Přineste spoustu trpělivosti procesu pokládání vrchního kamene; je to vyvrcholení dovednosti, kterou jste si do tohoto bodu rozvinuli. Měla by být asi 15 až 18 palců hluboká, složená z jednoho až tří kamenů. Použijte zeminu a dobré umístění k zajištění kamenů a stejně jako u spojů stěn se vyhněte zdlouhavým spojům v horním kameni. Pokud chcete sedět na zdi, volte hladké, ploché kameny. Nebo vyplňte mezery zeminou a zasaďte vonné bylinky na polštáře. Zasazený vrcholový kámen je nádherným zakončením obývací stěny.